What constitutes sexual harassment in the workplace?

Sexual harassment in the workplace is defined primarily by unwanted, sexually directed actions that create a hostile or intimidating environment for the individuals subjected to those actions. This encompasses a range of behaviors, including inappropriate comments, advances, or any action that is sexual in nature and not welcomed by the recipient.

In this context, the correct answer highlights the importance of consent and the impact of behavior on workplace dynamics. For an environment to be considered hostile, the actions must not only be unwanted by the individual but also have a significant impact on their ability to work comfortably and effectively. This definition aligns with legal guidelines and workplace policies aimed at preventing discrimination and ensuring a respectful and professional work atmosphere.

The remaining options do not align with the definition of sexual harassment. Consensual relationships that do not affect professional performance, compliments that may be intended as benign, and team-building activities that involve humor, while they can sometimes tread close to the line, do not inherently create a hostile environment or involve unwanted sexual attention. As such, they do not fulfill the essential criteria that characterize sexual harassment in the workplace.