What document summarizes how a company generated cash flows over the past year?

The document that summarizes how a company generated cash flows over the past year is the Statement of Cash Flows. This financial statement provides a detailed breakdown of cash inflows and outflows from operating, investing, and financing activities. It helps stakeholders understand how a company's operations are running, where its money comes from, and how it is being spent. By tracking cash flows, the statement reveals the liquidity position of the company, ensuring that it has enough cash to meet its obligations and fund its operations.

The Balance Sheet, while important, provides a snapshot of the company's assets, liabilities, and equity at a specific point in time, rather than detailing cash flow over a period. The Income Statement focuses on revenues, expenses, and overall profitability over a certain period but does not specifically address cash movements. The Equity Statement details changes in equity over a period but does not track cash flow specifics. Therefore, the Statement of Cash Flows is the correct choice for summarizing cash generation activities over the past year.