Which theory posits that some people inherently dislike work and need to be coerced to perform?

The theory that suggests some individuals inherently dislike work and need to be coerced to perform is known as Theory X. This theory is rooted in a somewhat pessimistic view of human nature, suggesting that workers are primarily motivated by extrinsic factors, such as punishment or strict oversight, rather than intrinsic motivations like personal growth or fulfillment. According to Theory X, managers must assume a directive leadership style, wherein they provide close supervision and control over employees to ensure that tasks are completed.

This contrasts sharply with other theories, such as Theory Y, which posits that people find work to be a source of satisfaction and are intrinsically motivated to contribute meaningfully when given the right environment. Theory Z further emphasizes a holistic approach to management and teamwork in the workplace. There is no widely recognized Theory A within this framework, which helps clarify why Theory X is the appropriate choice in relation to the question asked.